What is Authorization?
Authorization is a critical process in the realm of information security and management, particularly in the context of computer systems and online platforms. It refers to the procedure that determines whether a user has the right to access certain resources, perform specific actions, or view particular data within a system. In simpler terms, authorization is about granting permissions to users based on their roles, credentials, and the policies set by the organization or system administrators.
When a user tries to access a system or application, the system first verifies their identity through a process known as authentication. Once authenticated, the system then checks what resources or actions the user is permitted to access or execute. This is where authorization comes into play. It involves evaluating the user's permissions against the requested resource or action, ensuring that sensitive data is protected from unauthorized access.
The authorization process typically involves various mechanisms such as role-based access control (RBAC), attribute-based access control (ABAC), or access control lists (ACLs). These mechanisms help establish rules and policies that dictate what users can and cannot do within a system, thereby maintaining security and integrity.